📚 node [[grammar]]

Table of Contents

Cases

General

  • a system of marking dependent nouns for the type of relationship they bear to their heads
  • A role that one of these languages marks by case will often be marked in English using a preposition.
  • Languages having cases often exhibit free word order, because thematic roles are not required to be marked by position in the sentence
  • case is a morphological category

Nominative

subject pronoun

Accusative

object pronoun, 'to'

Genitive

possessive and 'of'

Instrumental (ablative, творительный)

'by', 'via', 'with'

hierarchy

Cases can be ranked in the following hierarchy, where a language that does not have a given case will tend not to have any cases to the right of the missing case:[4]:p.89

nominative → accusative or ergative → genitive → dative → locative or prepositional → ablative and/or instrumental → others.

This is, however, only a general tendency.

related [[study]]

📖 stoas
⥱ context
⥅ related node [[lionel shriver on grammar]]
⥅ related node [[a new grammar of organization]]
⥅ related node [[20210516174118 context_free_grammar]]