# Sprain and strain

It can be difficult to tell whether an injury is a fracture, dislocation, sprain or strain. If in doubt, always treat as a fracture. Signs and symptoms Sprain

intense pain

restricted movement of the injured joint

rapid development of swelling and bruising

Strain

sharp, sudden pain in the region of the injury

usually loss of power

muscle tenderness

What to do 1 Follow DRSABCD. 2 Follow RICE:

Rest – rest the patient and the injured part

Ice – apply an ice pack or cold pack for 15 minutes every 2 hours for 24 hours, then for 15 minutes every 4 hours for 24 hours

Compression – apply a compression bandage firmly to extend well beyond the injury

Elevation – elevate the injured part. 3 Avoid HARM:

Heat

Alcohol

Running or other exercise of the injured area

Massage. 4 Seek medical aid.